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''Melitaea ornata'' (=''Melitaea telona'') is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Its common name is Jerusalem fritillary. The species rank of ''Melitaea ornata'' (type location Guberlya, Russia) was only very recently recognised in two publications by Russell, et al. in 2005 and 2007. The taxonomy of the ''’Melitaea phoebe’'' group has been revised by Tóth & Varga (2011). According to these results ''M. telona'' Fruhstorfer, 1908 is conspecific with ''M. ‘phoebe’ ornata'' Christoph, 1893. Thus, ''M. telona'' considered a junior synonym of ''M. ornata''. ''M. ornata'' has a disjunct distribution in the central part of the Palearctic region. This species has been found in southern Italy including Sicily, Balkan Peninsula some part of the Carpathian Basin, Anatolia, Levant, northern Iran, Volgograd region and southern Urals in Russia and in the eastern part of Kazakhstan close to the Chinese border (Tóth & Varga 2011). Its separation from ''Melitaea phoebe'' was mostly based on larval characters. ''M. ornata'' larvae have a brick red head from the fourth larval instar and they are monophagous or oligophagous, feeding on different Asteraceae species, mainly on regionally different, sometime local endemic ''Centaurea'' species. ''M. phoebe'' on the other hand is oligophagous and its head capsule is always black. Tóth & Varga (2011) published an identification key of the ‘M. phoebe group’ as an electronic supplement in Zoologischer Anzeiger. Russell et al. suggested that the name ''punica'' was erroneously used by many taxonomists as a senior synonym of ''telona''. Thus, ''Melitaea punica'' (Type location Lambessa, Algeria) occurs in North Africa only. These results were also confirmed by genetic studies based on the analysis of one mitochondrial and two nuclear genes in several species of the ''M. phoebe''-group by Leneveu, et al. in 2009 and also by enzyme electrophoresis in the case of ''M. phoebe'' and ''M. ornata kovacsi'' (a Hungarian subspecies) by Pecsenye, et al. in 2007. ==References== *(Julie Leneneviu,Anton Chichvarkhin and Niklas Wahlberg ) Varying rates of diversification in the genus ''Melitaea'' (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) during the past 20 million years *(János Pál Tóth, Zoltán Varga ) Morphometric study on the genitalia of sibling species Melitaea phoebe and M. telona (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) *Russell, P., Tennent, W.J., Pateman, J., Varga, Z., Benyamini, D., Pe’er, G., Bálint, Z. & Gascoigne-Pees, M. (2007) Further investigations into Melitaea telona Frushstorfer, 1908 (=ogygia Frushstorfer, 1908 =emipunica Verity, 1919) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), with observations on biology and distribution. Entomologist's Gazette, 58, 137-166. *Russell, P., J., P., Gascoigne-Pees, M. & Tennent, W.J. (2005) Melitaea emipunia (Verity, 1919) stat. nov: a hitherto unrecognised butterfly species from Europe (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Entomologist's Gazette, 56, 67-70. *Pecsenye, K., Bereczki, J., Tóth, A., Meglécz, E., Peregovits, L., Juhász, E. & Varga, Z. (2007) A poulációstruktúra és a genetikai variabilitás kapcsolata védett nappalilepke-fajainknál. In: A Kárpát-medence állatvilágának kialakulása. MTM, Budapest, pp. 241–260. 〔 *() Tóth JP, Varga Z (2011) Inter- and intraspecific variation in the genitalia of the 'Melitaea phoebe group' (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology 250 (3):258-268 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Melitaea ornata」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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